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RCR新文：澳大利亞外賣食品包裝產(chǎn)業(yè)的溫室氣體排放

原文鏈接：https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921344920306145

文章導(dǎo)讀：  隨著消費(fèi)者需求、生活方式的改變以及技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，食品服務(wù)行業(yè)在過去40年中發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。其中之一就是網(wǎng)上送餐服務(wù)，即外賣。在澳大利亞，外賣使用人口占比已高達(dá)30%，活躍用戶有730萬人左右。包括食品外賣等所有快遞業(yè)務(wù)，都需要包裝來保護(hù)產(chǎn)品。食品供應(yīng)鏈?zhǔn)侨蚋鞔蟓h(huán)境問題的主要貢獻(xiàn)者。生產(chǎn)包裝需要消耗大量自然資源，其中2/3用于食品行業(yè)。生命周期評(píng)價(jià)可用于量化與包裝生產(chǎn)和處理相關(guān)的環(huán)境影響。食品包裝易被食品污染，難以回收且常被土地填埋、焚燒或非法傾倒。消費(fèi)者行為是了解食品供應(yīng)鏈環(huán)境影響的重要考慮因素。目前在對(duì)包裝及其廢棄物的管理行為中尚缺乏環(huán)境意識(shí)。故本研究主要關(guān)注外賣食品包裝在生產(chǎn)和處理過程中溫室氣體的排放情況。

文章亮點(diǎn)：

1. 回收再利用食品包裝對(duì)溫室氣體減排效果影響不大；

2. 消費(fèi)者選擇不使用包裝材料有利于溫室氣體減排。

 由于線上零售業(yè)和手機(jī)使用頻率的增加，網(wǎng)上送餐逐漸在餐飲服務(wù)中興起。隨著網(wǎng)上送餐服務(wù)在全世界越來越受歡迎，外賣食品包裝的使用量及其在生產(chǎn)和處理過程中產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境影響也在逐漸增加。目前針對(duì)包裝的環(huán)境影響有一些研究，但針對(duì)外賣食品包裝對(duì)環(huán)境的影響鮮有研究，尤其是溫室氣體的排放方面。本研究使用包裝影響快速評(píng)估工具，對(duì)外賣食品包裝溫室氣體排放量進(jìn)行了量化。關(guān)于澳大利亞各大菜系外賣食品包裝的數(shù)據(jù)收集自各大餐廳。結(jié)果表明針對(duì)每一個(gè)訂單，與包裝相關(guān)的溫室氣體排放量變化范圍為0.15kg ~ 0.29kg CO2e，主要與包裝種類有關(guān)。其中，包裝原材料的生產(chǎn)貢獻(xiàn)至少50%。隨著網(wǎng)上送餐行業(yè)的不斷擴(kuò)大，預(yù)計(jì)到2024年，澳大利亞與外賣食品包裝有關(guān)的溫室氣體年排放量將增長132%。本文對(duì)澳大利亞與外賣食品包裝生產(chǎn)和處理相關(guān)的溫室氣體排放影響開展了初步研究，彌補(bǔ)了對(duì)該領(lǐng)域認(rèn)識(shí)的不足，并對(duì)全球新興網(wǎng)上送餐服務(wù)溫室氣體排放影響有借鑒意義。

ABSTRACT

The food service industry has seen the advent of online food delivery services (OFDS) due to the development of online retailing and a rise in mobile phone usage. OFDS are growing in popularity around the world and are increasing the use of take-away food packaging and the subsequent environmental implications from its production and disposal. While a large number of studies have considered packaging-related environmental effects, there has been limited focus on the effect of OFDS-related packaging demand on the environment, particularly in relation to greenhouse gas emissions. This study quantifies the packaging-related greenhouse gas emissions associated with OFDS orders. Data on food packaging for a range of the most popular cuisines delivered by OFDS in Australia were collected from restaurants. The assessment was performed using the Packaging Impact Quick Evaluation Tool, which showed that the packaging-related greenhouse gas emissions for a single order ranges from 0.15 to 0.29 kg CO2e, depending on packaging type. Of this, production of packaging raw materials contributes at least 50%. With the expansion of the OFDS sector, the annual greenhouse gas emissions associated with OFDS food packaging in Australia is predicted to grow by 132% by 2024. This preliminary examination of the greenhouse gas emissions implications of food packaging production and disposal associated with the Australian OFDS industry adds to the limited knowledge in this area and provides valuable insights into the greenhouse gas emissions implications of the emerging global OFDS industry.

（來源：RCR期刊 ）